Request Environment

每一个HTTP请求（通常是由浏览器发起的）包含额外的信息，如头数据的请求，文件，变量等。 基于Web的应用程序的文件需要分析这些信息，以提供正确的 响应返回给请求者。 Phalcon\HTTP\Request 封装 信息的请求，允许你在一个面向对象的方法来访问它。

<?php

// Getting a request instance
$request = new \Phalcon\Http\Request();

// Check whether the request was made with method POST
if ($request->isPost() == true) {
    // Check whether the request was made with Ajax
    if ($request->isAjax() == true) {
        echo "Request was made using POST and AJAX";
    }
}

获取数据

PHP根据请求的类型自动填充超全局变量$_GET 和 $_POST。这些数组包含表单提交或通过URL请求的参数。这些数组中的变量值是未加过滤的，可能包含非法字符，甚至是恶意代码，这可能会导致 SQL injection or Cross Site Scripting (XSS) 攻击。

Phalcon\HTTP\Request 允许你访问$_REQUEST, $_GET 和 $_POST 这些数组中的值，并且可以通过”filter” (by default Phalcon\Filter) 服务对他们进行过滤或消毒。下面的例子提供与原始PHP获取数据相同的行为：

<?php

// Manually applying the filter
$filter = new Phalcon\Filter();

$email  = $filter->sanitize($_POST["user_email"], "email");

// Manually applying the filter to the value
$filter = new Phalcon\Filter();
$email  = $filter->sanitize($request->getPost("user_email"), "email");

// Automatically applying the filter
$email = $request->getPost("user_email", "email");

// Setting a default value if the param is null
$email = $request->getPost("user_email", "email", "some@example.com");

// Setting a default value if the param is null without filtering
$email = $request->getPost("user_email", null, "some@example.com");

在控制器中使用Request

访问请求最常见的地方发生在controller/action中。要想在控制器中访问 Phalcon\HTTP\Request 对象，你可以使用 $this->request 这个公共属性：

<?php

class PostsController extends \Phalcon\Mvc\Controller
{

    public function indexAction()
    {

    }

    public function saveAction()
    {

        // Check if request has made with POST
        if ($this->request->isPost() == true) {

            // Access POST data
            $customerName = $this->request->getPost("name");
            $customerBorn = $this->request->getPost("born");

        }

    }

}

文件上传

另一种常见的任务是文件上传。Phalcon\HTTP\Request 提供了一个面向对象的方式来实现这个任务：

<?php

class PostsController extends \Phalcon\Mvc\Controller
{

    public function uploadAction()
    {
        // Check if the user has uploaded files
        if ($this->request->hasFiles() == true) {
            // Print the real file names and sizes
            foreach ($this->request->getUploadedFiles() as $file) {

                //Print file details
                echo $file->getName(), " ", $file->getSize(), "\n";


                //Move the file into the application
                $file->moveTo('files/');
            }
        }
    }

}

Phalcon\Http\Request::getUploadedFiles() 返回的每个对象是类文件 Phalcon\Http\Request\File 的实际对象。使用 $_FILES 超全局变量提供了相同的行为。Phalcon\Http\Request\File 封装了上传请求中的单个文件信息。

Working with Headers

正如上面提到的，请求头非常有用，它使我们能够发送适当的响应返回给用户。下面的例子将向你展示使用的方法：

<?php

// get the Http-X-Requested-With header
$requestedWith = $response->getHeader("X_REQUESTED_WITH");
if ($requestedWith == "XMLHttpRequest") {
    echo "The request was made with Ajax";
}

// Same as above
if ($request->isAjax()) {
    echo "The request was made with Ajax";
}

// Check the request layer
if ($request->isSecureRequest() == true) {
    echo "The request was made using a secure layer";
}

// Get the servers's ip address. ie. 192.168.0.100
$ipAddress = $request->getServerAddress();

// Get the client's ip address ie. 201.245.53.51
$ipAddress = $request->getClientAddress();

// Get the User Agent (HTTP_USER_AGENT)
$userAgent = $request->getUserAgent();

// Get the best acceptable content by the browser. ie text/xml
$contentType = $request->getAcceptableContent();

// Get the best charset accepted by the browser. ie. utf-8
$charset = $request->getBestCharset();

// Get the best language accepted configured in the browser. ie. en-us
$language = $request->getBestLanguage();